🧪 Analytical instruments MCQ Quiz Hub

1. Which of the following is not the advantage of Fourier Transform Spectrometers?
Signal to noise ratio is high
Information could be obtained on all frequencies
Retrieval of data is possible
Easy to maintain

2. Which of the following has to be computed to determine transmittance and absorbance at various frequencies?
Ratio of signal and noise
Ratio of sample and reference spectra
Sample spectra
Reference spectra

3. Computer accepts analog signals directly.
True
False
all of the above
None of the mentioned

4. Which of the following is the reference that is generally used in FTIR interferometer?
Air
NaCl solution
Alcohol
Base solution

5. In Michelson Interferometer, if the reflected and transmitted beams are in phase at the beam splitter, then maximum intensity will reach the detector.
True
False
all of the above
None of the mentioned

6. In Michelson’s interferometer, the frequency of the detector output can be determined by translating the _____ of movable mirror and the ______ of monochromatic radiation.
Velocity, wavelength
Thickness, intensity
Length, velocity
Angle, intensity

7. In Michelson’s interferometer, the __________ of the detector output will depend upon the intensity of incoming radiation.
Velocity
Frequency
Amplitude
Phase

8. Why is the computer necessary in Fourier Transform Spectrometer?
To display the detector output
To process the detector output
To determine the amplitude
To determine the frequency

9. Which of the following is the principle of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy?
Radiation is absorbed by non-excited atoms in vapour state and are excited to higher states
Medium absorbs radiation and transmitted radiation is measured
Colour is measured
Colour is simply observed

10. In Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, which of the following is the generally used radiation source?
Tungsten lamp
Xenon mercury arc lamp
Hydrogen or deuterium discharge lamp
Hollow cathode lamp

11. In Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy, with what material is the cathode in Hollow cathode lamp constructed?
Tungsten
Quartz
Element to be investigated
Aluminium

12. How can the intensity of radiation be increased in Hollow cathode lamp?
Addition of non-conductive protective shield of mica
Addition of nitrogen to neon or argon in the lamp
Increasing the pressure of the filling gas
Changing the metal of the anode

13. Which of the following is the function of the chopper in Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy?
To split the beam into two
To break the steady light into a pulsating light
To filter unwanted components
To reduce the sample into atomic state

14. Which of the following is the function of the Flame or Emission system in Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy?
To split the beam into two
To break the steady light into pulsating light
To filter unwanted components
To reduce the sample into atomic state

15. Atomic absorption spectroscopy is also called as Absorption Flame Photometry.
True
False
all of the above
None of the mentioned

16. Which of the following is not a component of the emission system in Flame photometer?
Burner
Atomiser
Fuel gases and their regulation
Chopper

17. Which of the following is the function of the atomiser in the emission system of Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy?
To split the beam into two
To break the steady light into pulsating light
To break large mass of liquid into small drops
To reduce the sample into atomic state

18. Which of the following is not a fuel used in flame photometry?
Acetylene
Propane
Hydrogen
Camphor oil

19. Which of the following is not the requirement of a good flame in flame photometer?
Liquid sample must be evaporated to form solid residue
Solid residue must decompose to form atoms
Atoms must be produced such that they have the ability to get excited to higher states
Atoms must be produced such that they are in stable state

20. Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy is used for the analysis of metals.
True
False
all of the above
None of the mentioned

21. Which of the following options explains the process of ‘sputtering’ that occurs in Hollow Cathode Lamp?
Positive ions collide with cathode surface and metal atoms from cathode are ejected
Negative ions collide with cathode surface and metal atoms from anode are ejected
Positive ions collide with negative ions and metal atoms from anode are ejected
Positive ions collide with negative ions and photons are ejected

22. At what pressure should the gases in the sealed tube be maintained in the Hollow cathode lamp?
1 to 5 torr
20 to 30 torr
40 to 50 torr
50 to 55 torr

23. The function of pressure regulators in the emission system of flame photometer is to have a steady flame which is free from flickers.
True
False
all of the above
None of the mentioned

24. In Total consumption burner, only samples of particular droplet size will enter the burner.
True
False
all of the above
None of the mentioned

25. Which of the following is the principle of Flame emission photometers?
Radiation is absorbed by non-excited atoms in vapour state and are excited to higher states
Medium absorbs radiation and transmitted radiation is measured
Colour and wavelength of the flame is measured
Only wavelength of the flame is measured

26. In Flame emission photometers, the measurement of ________ is used for qualitative analysis.
Colour
Intensity
Velocity
Frequency

27. In Flame emission photometers, the measurement of ______ is used for quantitative analysis.
Colour
Intensity
Velocity
Frequency

28. Which of the following is not an advantage of Laminar flow burner used in Flame photometry?
Noiseless
Stable flame for analysis
Efficient atomization of sample
Sample containing two or more solvents can be burned efficiently

29. Laminar flow burner used in Flame photometers is also known as _______
Turbulent burner
Premix burner
Total consumption burner
Nozzle mix burner

30. Which of the following is the advantage of prism monochromators?
Dispersion is non-overlapping
Dispersion occurs in non-linear manner
Dispersion is overlapping
Dispersion occurs in a linear manner

31. Which of the following is the advantage of grating monochromators?
Dispersion is non-overlapping
Dispersion occurs in non-linear manner
Dispersion is overlapping
Dispersion occurs in a linear manner

32. Which of the following is not a detector used in Flame emission photometers?
Photronic cell
Photovoltaic cell
Photoemissive tube
Chromatogram

33. Phototubes are more sensitive than photovoltaic cells.
True
False
all of the above
None of the mentioned

34. Which of the following is not an application of Flame emission photometers?
Analysis of biological fluids
Determination of sodium, potassium in soil
Determination of metals such as Mn, Cu
Analysis of complex mixtures

35. Which of the following is not an advantage of a photovoltaic cell which is used as a detector in Flame emission photometers?
Portable
No external supply
Robust in construction
Does not show fatigue

36. Chromatography is a physical method that is used to separate and analyse _____
Simple mixtures
Complex mixtures
Viscous mixtures
Metals

37. In which type of chromatography, the stationary phase held in a narrow tube and the mobile phase is forced through it under pressure?
Column chromatography
Planar chromatography
Liquid chromatography
Gas chromatography

38. In chromatography, the stationary phase can be _____ supported on a solid.
Solid or liquid
Liquid or gas
Solid only
Liquid only

39. In chromatography, which of the following can the mobile phase be made of?
Solid or liquid
Liquid or gas
Gas only
Liquid only

40. Which of the following cannot be used as an adsorbent in Column adsorption chromatography?
Magnesium oxide
Silica gel
Activated alumina
Potassium permanganate

41. Which of the following types of chromatography involves the separation of substances in a mixture over a 0.2mm thick layer of an adsorbent?
Gas liquid
Column
Thin layer
Paper-checking

42. Chromatography cannot be used to purify volatile substances.
True
False
all of the above
None of the mentioned

43. In Column chromatography, the stationary phase is made of _________ and the mobile phase is made of _____
Solid, liquid
Liquid, liquid
Liquid, gas
Solid, gas

44. Chromatography cannot be used to separate delicate products.
True
False
all of the above
None of the mentioned

45. In Thin layer chromatography, the stationary phase is made of _________ and the mobile phase is made of ______
Solid, liquid
Liquid, liquid
Liquid, gas
Solid, gas

46. In which of the following type of paper, chromatography does the mobile phase move horizontally over a circular sheet of paper?
Ascending paper chromatography
Descending paper chromatography
Radial paper chromatography
Ascending – descending chromatography

47. Liquid chromatography can be performed in which of the following ways?
Only in columns
Only on plane surfaces
Either in columns or on plane surfaces
Neither in columns nor on plane surfaces

48. Gas chromatography can be performed in which of the following ways?
Only in columns
Only on plane surfaces
Either in columns or on plane surfaces
Neither in columns nor on plane surfaces

49. In Gas-liquid phase chromatography, the stationary phase is composed of _________ and the mobile phase is made of ______
Solid, liquid
Liquid, liquid
Liquid, gas
Solid, gas

50. Which of the following types of chromatography involves the process, where the mobile phase moves through the stationary phase by the influence of gravity or capillary action?
Column Chromatography
High Pressure Liquid Chromatography
Gas Chromatography
Planar Chromatography

51. Which of the following steps takes place after injection of feed in Column chromatography?
Detection of components
Separation in the column
Elution from the column
Collection of eluted component

52. Components with a strong attraction to the support move more slowly than components with weak attraction.
True
False
all of the above
None of the mentioned

53. What happens during the ‘elution from the column’ phase in chromatography?
Components with greatest affinity elute first
Components with least affinity elute first
Components elute in a random manner
Components elute according to their concentration in the mixture

54. In chromatogram, the position of peaks on the time axis can be used to determine which of the following?
Components of the sample
Amount of component in the sample
Column efficiency
Column resolution

55. In chromatogram, the area under the peak can be used to determine which of the following?
Components of the sample
Amount of component in the sample
Column efficiency
Column resolution

56. The stationary phase could be a viscous liquid coated over a surface of solid particles.
True
False
all of the above
None of the mentioned

57. Using Chromatogram as detector in Chromatography, a graph is obtained between _______and time.
Quantity
Density
Concentration
Specific gravity

58. In older analytical methods, which of the following methods were used to allow movement of the mobile phase?
Pumps
Pressure
Gravity
Blowing air into the column

59. How is the molar concentration of solute in stationary phase related to molar concentration of solute in the mobile phase?
Directly proportional
Inversely proportional
Equal
Not related

60. If the value of the distribution constant ‘k’ is one, then what could be inferred about the distribution of solute?
Its distribution in stationary phase is greater
Its distribution in mobile phase is greater
It is equally distributed in stationary and mobile phase
It is distributed in a random manner

61. The time taken by the analyte after sample injection to reach the detector is called ______
Dead time
Solute migration rate
Adjusted retention time
Retention time

62. The time required for a molecule of the mobile phase to pass through the column is called _______
Dead time
Solute migration rate
Adjusted retention time
Retention time

63. Adjusted retention time is the remaining retention time after subtracting _____ from _____
Solute migration rate and retention time
Retention time and solute migration rate
Retention time and solute migration rate
Retention time and dead time

64. Which of the following is the volume of mobile phase required to make a solute band move from the point of injection through the column to the detector?
Dead volume
Retention volume
Void volume
Adjusted retention volume

65. Adjusted retention volume is the remaining retention volume after subtracting ___________ from _____
Solute migration rate and retention volume
Retention volume and solute migration rate
Dead volume and retention volume
Retention volume and dead volume

66. Which of the following is defined as the ratio of moles of solute in stationary phase to the moles of solute in the mobile phase?
Distribution constant
Volumetric phase ratio
Retention factor
Total porosity

67. Which of the following is the ratio of the interstitial volume of packing to the volume of its total mass?
Distribution constant
Volumetric phase ratio
Retention factor
Total porosity

68. Which of the following is the ratio of the length of column packing to dead time?
Average linear rate of solute migration
Average linear rate of mobile migration
Relative migration rate
Selectivity factor

69. Which of the following is the ratio of a length of column packing to retention time?
Average linear rate of solute migration
Average linear rate of mobile migration
Relative migration rate
Selectivity factor