Olete.in – MCQs, Mock Tests & Government Job Prep | Zoology Zoology MCQS[NEET-2021 to 2022]-Morphology of a Bacteria

Which of this bacteria is resistant to penicillin as it lacks a cell wall?

1. Spirochetes
2. Cyanobacteria
3. Mycoplasmas
4. Bdellovibrios

✅ Correct Answer: 3

What is a cluster of polar flagella called?

1. Petritrichous
2. Monotrichous
3. Amphitrichous
4. Lophotrichous

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Which of these is a cocci occurring in single or pairs?

1. Diplococci
2. Streptococci
3. Tetracocci
4. None of the above

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Flagella in bacteria enable them to

1. reproduce
2. locomote
3. Thrive in nutrient agar
4. Adhere to tissue surfaces

✅ Correct Answer: 2

This about cell wall of gram-positive bacteria is true

1. cell wall comprises of many layers
2. the cell wall is thicker than the associated gram-negative bacteria
3. Cell wall comprises of teichoic acids
4. All of the above

✅ Correct Answer: 4

What is Chemotaxis?

1. Swimming towards a bacteria
2. Swimming away of a bacteria
3. In the presence of a chemical compound, swimming towards or away of a bacteria
4. None of these

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Which of these is exposed on the outer surface of a gram-negative bacterium?

1. Braun lipoprotein
2. O-antigen of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
3. Polysaccharide portion of lipoteichoic acid (LTA)
4. Electron transport system components

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The covalent bond which links the cell walls of gram-positive bacteria containing two modified sugars – N – acetylmuramic acid (NAM) and N-acetyl glucosamine (NAG) is

1. glycosidic bond
2. 1,4-glycosidic bond
3. 1,6-glycosidic bond
4. glycosidic bond

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Which one of these has a Chinese letter arrangement?

1. Clostridium tetani
2. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
3. Bacillus anthracis
4. Corynebacterium diphtheriae

✅ Correct Answer: 4

This is analogous to mesosomes of bacteria

1. Golgi apparatus of eukaryotes
2. Lysosomes of eukaryotes
3. Mitochondria of eukaryotes
4. None of the above

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Which of the following bacteria lack a cell wall and are therefore resistant to penicillin?

1. Cyanobacteria
2. Mycoplasmas
3. Bdellovibrios
4. Spirochetes

✅ Correct Answer: 2

A cluster of polar flagella is called

1. lophotrichous
2. amphitrichous
3. monotrichous
4. petritrichous

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Flagella move the cell by

1. many flagella beating in a synchronous, whip-like motion
2. an individual flagellum beating in a whip-like motion
3. spinning like a propeller
4. attaching to nearby particles and contracting

✅ Correct Answer: 3

he protein from which hook and filaments of flagella are composed of, is

1. keratin
2. flagellin
3. gelatin
4. casein

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The cooci which mostly occur in single or pairs are

1. Streptococci
2. Diplococci
3. Tetracocci
4. None of these

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Which of the following may contain fimbriae?

1. Gram-positive bacteria
2. Gram-negative bacteria
3. Both (a) and (b)
4. None of these

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Peptidoglycan accounts for __________ of the dry weight of cell wall in many gram positive bacteria

1. 50% or more
2. About 10%
3. 11%+ 0.22%
4. About 20%

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Bacteria having no flagella are unable to

1. move
2. reproduce
3. stick to tissue surfaces
4. grow in nutrient agar

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Which of the following is true about cell wall of gram-positive bacteria?

1. It consists of multiple layers
2. It is thicker than that associated with gram-negative bacteria
3. It contains teichoic acids
4. All of these

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The cell walls of many gram positive bacteria can be easily destroyed by the enzyme known as

1. lipase
2. lysozyme
3. pectinase
4. peroxidase

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The cell wall of

1. gram-positive bacteria are thicker than gram-negative bacteria
2. gram-negative bacteria are thicker than gram-positive bacteria
3. both have same thickness but composition is different
4. none of these

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Peptidoglycan is also known as

1. N-acetyl muramic acid
2. murein mucopeptide
3. N acetylglucosamine
4. mesodiaminopimetic acid

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Genetic system is located in the prokaryotes in

1. nucleoid
2. chromatin
3. nuclear material
4. all of these

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Which is most likely to be exposed on the surface of a gram-negative bacterium?

1. Pore protein (porin)
2. Protein involved in energy generation
3. Lipoteichoic acid
4. Phospholipids

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The last step in synthesis of peptidoglycan is

1. attachment of a peptide to muramic acid
2. attaching two amino acids to form a cross-link
3. attachment of a portion of peptidoglycan to a membrane lipid
4. binding of penicillin to a membrane protein

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Cytoplasmic inclusions include

1. ribosomes
2. mesosomes
3. fat globules
4. all of these

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The cocci which forms a bunch and irregular pattern are

1. Staphylococci
2. diplococci
3. Tetracocci
4. Streptococci

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Chemotaxis is a phenomenon of

1. swimming away of bacteria
2. swimming towards a bacteria
3. swimming away or towards of bacteria in presence of chemical compound
4. none of the above

✅ Correct Answer: 3

The structure responsible for motility of bacteria is

1. pilli
2. flagella
3. sheath
4. capsules

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The next to last step in peptidoglycan biosynthesis is

1. synthesis of the NAM-peptide subunit
2. removal of the subunit from bactoprenol
3. linking the sugar of the disaccharide-peptide unit to the growing peptidoglycan chain
4. cross-linking the peptide side chains of peptidoglycan

✅ Correct Answer: 3

The cocci which forms a chain is

1. Streptococci
2. diplococci
3. Staphylococci
4. Tetracocci

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The arrangement, in which flagella are distributed all round the bacterial cell, is known as

1. lophotrichous
2. amphitrichous
3. peritrichous
4. monotrichous

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Periplasm is

1. the area between the inner and outer membranes of gram-negative bacteria
2. the area between the inner and outer membranes of Gram-positive bacteria
3. the interior portion of mitochondria
4. the area outside the cell membrane that is influenced by the polymers

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Which of the following has peptidoglycan as a major constituent of cell wall?

1. Gram-negative bacteria
2. Gram-positive bacteria
3. Fungi
4. None of these

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The common word for bacteria which are helically curved rods is

1. cooci
2. pleomorphic
3. bacillus
4. spirilla

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The bacteria deficient in cell wall is

1. Treponema
2. Mycoplasma
3. Staphylococcus
4. Klebsiella

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Which of the following is not true about peptidoglycan?

1. It is a polymer consisting of N-acetyl glucosamine, N-acetyl muramic acid and amino acids (alanine, lysine, etc.)
2. It is present in prokaryotic cell wall
3. It occurs in the form of a bag shaped macro molecule surrounding the cytoplasm membrane
4. None of the above

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The common word for bacteria which are spherical in shape is

1. cocci
2. bacilli
3. spirilla
4. pleomorphic

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Single or clusters of flagella at both poles is known as

1. monotrichous
2. petritrichous
3. petritrichous
4. none of these

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Which of the following bacterial genera (that produces endospore) have medical importance?

1. Clostridium
2. Bacillus
3. Both (a) and (b)
4. None of these

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Microcapsules are composed of

1. proteins
2. polysaccharides
3. lipids
4. all of these

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Gram positive cells have a

1. second outer membrane that helps to retain the crystal violet stain
2. multiple layer of peptidoglycan that helps to retain the crystal violet stain
3. thick capsule that traps the crystal violet stain
4. periplasmic space that traps the crystal violet

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The common word for bacteria which are straight rod in shape is

1. cooci
2. bacilli
3. spirilla
4. pleomorphic

✅ Correct Answer: 2

A single polar flagella is known as

1. monotrichous
2. lophotrichous
3. amphitrichous
4. none of these

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Teichoic acids are typically found in

1. cell walls of gram positive bacteria
2. outer membranes of gram positive bacteria
3. cell walls of gram negative bacteria
4. outer membranes of gram negative bacteria

✅ Correct Answer: 1

In eukaryotic cells, ribosomes are

1. 70S
2. 60S
3. 80S
4. Not specific

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Porins are located in

1. the outer membrane of gram-negative bacteria
2. the peptidoglycan layer of gram-positive bacteria
3. the cytoplasmic membrane of both gram-negative and gram-positive bacteria
4. the periplasmic space of gram-negative bacteria

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Which of the following is exposed on the outer surface of a gram-negative bacterium?

1. O-antigen of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)
2. Polysaccharide portion of lipoteichoic acid (LTA)
3. Braun lipoprotein
4. Electron transport system components

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Which of the following does not contain protein?

1. Pili
2. Flagellum
3. Lipoteichoic acid
4. Porin

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Swimming towards a chemical of bacteria is termed as

1. positive chemotaxis
2. negative chemotaxis
3. phototaxis
4. magnetotaxis

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Chemically the capsule may be

1. polypeptide
2. polysaccharide
3. either (a) or (b)
4. none of these

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Peptidoglycan is found only in the bacterial

1. cell membrane
2. glycocalyx
3. cell wall
4. spore

✅ Correct Answer: 3

The cell walls of Gram positive bacteria contain two modified sugar, viz. N- acetylgucosamine (NAG) and N- acetylmuramic acid (NAM). They are covalently linked by

1. α- 1,4-glycosidic bond
2. β-1,6-glycosidic bond
3. α- 1,6-glycosidic bond
4. β- 1,4-glycosidic bond

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Which of the following organism has sterols in their cytoplasmic membrane?

1. Clostridum
2. Proteus
3. Mycoplasma
4. Bacillius

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Name the component of flagellum.

1. Filament
2. Hook
3. Basal body
4. All of these

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The location where the bacterial chromosome concentrates is called

1. nucleus
2. nuclein
3. nucleoid
4. nucleose

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Which of the following is analogous to mesosomes of bacteria?

1. Mitochondria of eukaryotes
2. Golgi apparatus of eukaryotes
3. Lysosomes of eukaryotes
4. None of these

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Which of the following has Chinese letter arrangement?

1. Bacillus anthracis
2. Mycobacterium tuberculosis
3. Clostridium tetani
4. Corynebacterium diphtheriae

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The other name for peptidoglycan is

1. mucopeptide
2. murein
3. both (a) & (b)
4. none of these

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Cyanobacteria have

1. a gram-positive cell wall
2. a gram-negative cell wall
3. Neither (a) nor (b)
4. No cell wall

✅ Correct Answer: 2

In which of the following, lipo-polysaccharide is a major constituent of outer membrane of the cellwall?

1. Gram-positive bacteria
2. Gram-negative bacteria
3. Fungi
4. None of these

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Which of the following structure(s) is /are external to cell wall?

1. Flagella
2. Stalks
3. Sheath
4. All of these

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Which of the following may be most likely to be missing from a gram-positive bacterium?

1. Penicillin binding protein
2. Peptidoglycan
3. Lipopolysaccharide
4. Phospholipid bilayer membrane

✅ Correct Answer: 3