Olete.in – MCQs, Mock Tests & Government Job Prep | Machine Learning (ML) Machine Learning (ML) MCQ Set 02

What are support vectors?

1. all the examples that have a non-zero weight ??k in a svm
2. the only examples necessary to compute f(x) in an svm.
3. all of the above
4. none of the above

✅ Correct Answer: 3

A perceptron adds up all the weighted inputs it receives, and if it exceeds a certain value, it outputs a 1, otherwise it just outputs a 0.

1. true
2. false
3. sometimes – it can also output intermediate values as well
4. can’t say

✅ Correct Answer: 1

What is the purpose of the Kernel Trick?

1. to transform the data from nonlinearly separable to linearly separable
2. to transform the problem from regression to classification
3. to transform the problem from supervised to unsupervised learning
4. all of the above

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Which of the following can only be used when training data are linearlyseparable?

1. linear hard-margin svm
2. linear logistic regression
3. linear soft margin svm
4. parzen windows

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The firing rate of a neuron

1. determines how strongly the dendrites of theneuron stimulate axons of neighboring neurons
2. is more analogous to the output of a unit in aneural net than the output voltage of the neuron
3. only changes very slowly, taking a period ofseveral seconds to make large adjustments
4. can sometimes exceed 30,000 action potentialsper second

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Which of the following evaluation metrics can not be applied in case of logistic regression output to compare with target?

1. auc-roc
2. accuracy
3. mean-squared-error
4. mean-squared-error

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The cost parameter in the SVM means:

1. the number of cross-validations to be made
2. the kernel to be used
3. the tradeoff between misclassification and simplicity of the model
4. none of the above

✅ Correct Answer: 3

The kernel trick

1. can be applied to every classification algorithm
2. is commonly used for dimensionality reduction
3. changes ridge regression so we solve a d ?? dlinear system instead of an n ?? n system, given nsample points with d features
4. exploits the fact that in many learning algorithms, the weights can be written as a linearcombination of input points

✅ Correct Answer: 4

How does the bias-variance decomposition of a ridge regression estimator compare with that of ordinaryleast squares regression?

1. ridge has larger bias, larger variance
2. ridge has smaller bias, larger variance
3. ridge has larger bias, smaller variance
4. ridge has smaller bias, smaller variance

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Which of the following are real world applications of the SVM?

1. text and hypertext categorization
2. image classification
3. clustering of news articles
4. all of the above

✅ Correct Answer: 4

How can SVM be classified?

1. it is a model trained using unsupervised learning. it can be used for classification and regression.
2. it is a model trained using unsupervised learning. it can be used for classification but not for regression.
3. it is a model trained using supervised learning. it can be used for classification and regression.
4. t is a model trained using unsupervised learning. it can be used for classification but not for regression.

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Which of the following can help to reduce overfitting in an SVM classifier?

1. use of slack variables
2. high-degree polynomial features
3. normalizing the data
4. setting a very low learning rate

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Suppose you have trained an SVM with linear decision boundary after training SVM, you correctly infer that your SVM model is under fitting. Which of the following is best option would you more likely to consider iterating SVM next time?

1. you want to increase your data points
2. you want to decrease your data points
3. you will try to calculate more variables
4. you will try to reduce the features

✅ Correct Answer: 3

What is/are true about kernel in SVM? 1. Kernel function map low dimensional data to high dimensional space2. It’s a similarity function

1. 1
2. 2
3. 1 and 2
4. none of these

✅ Correct Answer: 3

You trained a binary classifier model which gives very high accuracy on the training data, but much lower accuracy on validation data. Which is false.

1. this is an instance of overfitting
2. this is an instance of underfitting
3. the training was not well regularized
4. the training and testing examples are sampled from different distributions

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Suppose your model is demonstrating high variance across the different training sets. Which of the following is NOT valid way to try and reduce the variance?

1. increase the amount of traning data in each traning set
2. improve the optimization algorithm being used for error minimization.
3. decrease the model complexity
4. reduce the noise in the training data

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Suppose you are using RBF kernel in SVM with high Gamma value. What does this signify?

1. the model would consider even far away points from hyperplane for modeling
2. the model would consider only the points close to the hyperplane for modeling
3. the model would not be affected by distance of points from hyperplane for modeling
4. none of the above

✅ Correct Answer: 2

We usually use feature normalization before using the Gaussian kernel in SVM. What is true about feature normalization? 1. We do feature normalization so that new feature will dominate other 2. Some times, feature normalization is not feasible in case of categorical variables 3. Feature normalization always helps when we use Gaussian kernel in SVM

1. 1
2. 1 and 2
3. 1 and 3
4. 2 and 3

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Wrapper methods are hyper-parameter selection methods that

1. should be used whenever possible because they are computationally efficient
2. should be avoided unless there are no other options because they are always prone to overfitting.
3. are useful mainly when the learning machines are “black boxes”
4. should be avoided altogether.

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Which of the following methods can not achieve zero training error on any linearly separable dataset?

1. decision tree
2. 15-nearest neighbors
3. hard-margin svm
4. perceptron

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Suppose we train a hard-margin linear SVM on n > 100 data points in R2, yielding a hyperplane with exactly 2 support vectors. If we add one more data point and retrain the classifier, what is the maximum possible number of support vectors for the new hyperplane (assuming the n + 1 points are linearly separable)?

1. 1
2. 2
3. n
4. n+1

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Let S1 and S2 be the set of support vectors and w1 and w2 be the learnt weight vectors for a linearly separable problem using hard and soft margin linear SVMs respectively. Which of the following are correct?

1. s1 ⚂ s2
2. s1 may not be a subset of s2
3. w1 = w2
4. all of the above

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Which statement about outliers is true?

1. outliers should be part of the training dataset but should not be present in the test data
2. outliers should be identified and removed from a dataset
3. the nature of the problem determines how outliers are used
4. outliers should be part of the test dataset but should not be present in the training data

✅ Correct Answer: 3

If TP=9 FP=6 FN=26 TN=70 then Error rate will be

1. 45 percentage
2. 99 percentage
3. 28 percentage
4. 20 perentage

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Imagine, you are solving a classification problems with highly imbalanced class. The majority class is observed 99% of times in the training data. Your model has 99% accuracy after taking the predictions on test data. Which of the following is true in such a case? 1. Accuracy metric is not a good idea for imbalanced class problems. 2.Accuracy metric is a good idea for imbalanced class problems. 3.Precision and recall metrics are good for imbalanced class problems. 4.Precision and recall metrics aren’t good for imbalanced class problems.

1. 1 and 3
2. 1 and 4
3. 2 and 3
4. 2 and 4

✅ Correct Answer: 1

he minimum time complexity for training an SVM is O(n2). According to this fact, what sizes of datasets are not best suited for SVM’s?

1. large datasets
2. small datasets
3. medium sized datasets
4. size does not matter

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Perceptron Classifier is

1. unsupervised learning algorithm
2. semi-supervised learning algorithm
3. supervised learning algorithm
4. soft margin classifier

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Type of dataset available in Supervised Learning is

1. unlabeled dataset
2. labeled dataset
3. csv file
4. excel file

✅ Correct Answer: 2

which among the following is the most appropriate kernel that can be used with SVM to separate the classes

1. linear kernel
2. gaussian rbf kernel
3. polynomial kernel
4. option 1 and option 3

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The SVMs are less effective when

1. the data is linearly separable
2. the data is clean and ready to use
3. the data is noisy and contains overlapping points
4. option 1 and option 2

✅ Correct Answer: 3

What is the precision value for following confusion matrix of binary classification?

1. 0.91
2. 0.09
3. 0.9
4. 0.95

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Which of the following are components of generalization Error?

1. bias
2. vaiance
3. both of them
4. none of them

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Which of the following is not a kernel method in SVM?

1. linear kernel
2. polynomial kernel
3. rbf kernel
4. nonlinear kernel

✅ Correct Answer: 1

During the treatement of cancer patients , the doctor needs to be very careful about which patients need to be given chemotherapy.Which metric should we use in order to decide the patients who should given chemotherapy?

1. precision
2. recall
3. call
4. score

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Which one of the following is suitable? 1. When the hypothsis space is richer, overfitting is more likely. 2. when the feature space is larger , overfitting is more likely.

1. true, false
2. false, true
3. true,true
4. false,false

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Which of the following is a categorical data?

1. branch of bank
2. expenditure in rupees
3. prize of house
4. weight of a person

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The soft margin SVM is more preferred than the hard-margin SVM when-

1. the data is linearly seperable
2. the data is noisy and contains overlapping points
3. the data is not noisy and linearly seperable
4. weight of a person

✅ Correct Answer: 1

In SVM which has quadratic kernel function of polynomial degree 2 that has slack variable C as one hyper paramenter. What would happen if we use very large value for C

1. we can still classify the data correctly for given setting of hyper parameter c
2. we can not classify the data correctly for given setting of hyper parameter c
3. we can not classify the data at all
4. data can be classified correctly without any impact of c

✅ Correct Answer: 1

In SVM, RBF kernel with appropriate parameters to perform binary classification where the data is non-linearly seperable. In this scenario

1. the decision boundry in the transformed feature space in non-linear
2. the decision boundry in the transformed feature space in linear
3. . the decision boundry in the original feature space in not considered
4. the decision boundry in the original feature space in linear

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Which of the following is true about SVM? 1. Kernel function map low dimensional data to high dimensional space. 2. It is a similarity Function

1. 1 is true, 2 is false
2. 1 is false, 2 is true
3. 1 is true, 2 is true
4. 1 is false, 2 is false

✅ Correct Answer: 3

What is the Accuracy in percentage based on following confusion matrix of three class classification. Confusion Matrix C=[14 0 0] [ 1 15 0] [ 0 0 6]

1. 0.75
2. 0.97
3. 0.95
4. 0.85

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Which of the following method is used for multiclass classification?

1. one vs rest
2. loocv
3. all vs one
4. one vs another

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Based on survey , it was found that the probability that person like to watch serials is 0.25 and the probability that person like to watch netflix series is 0.43. Also the probability that person like to watch serials and netflix sereis is 0.12. what is the probability that a person doesn't like to watch either?

1. 0.32
2. 0.2
3. 0.44
4. 0.56

✅ Correct Answer: 3

A machine learning problem involves four attributes plus a class. The attributes have 3, 2, 2, and 2 possible values each. The class has 3 possible values. How many maximum possible different examples are there?

1. 12
2. 24
3. 48
4. 72

✅ Correct Answer: 4

MLE estimates are often undesirable because

1. they are biased
2. they have high variance
3. they are not consistent estimators
4. none of the above

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The difference between the actual Y value and the predicted Y value found using a regression equation is called the

1. slope
2. residual
3. outlier
4. scatter plot

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Neural networks

1. optimize a convex cost function
2. always output values between 0 and 1
3. can be used for regression as well as classification
4. all of the above

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Linear Regression is a _______ machine learning algorithm.

1. supervised
2. unsupervised
3. semi-supervised
4. can say

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Which of the following methods/methods do we use to find the best fit line for data in Linear Regression?

1. least square error
2. maximum likelihood
3. logarithmic loss
4. both a and b

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Which of the following methods do we use to best fit the data in Logistic Regression?

1. least square error
2. maximum likelihood
3. jaccard distance
4. both a and b

✅ Correct Answer: 2