Olete.in – MCQs, Mock Tests & Government Job Prep | CBES Board Class 10 ATOMIC AND NUCLEAR PHYSICS MCQS

Alpha (α) particles are helium (He) nucleus with a charge of

1. e
2. 2e
3. 3e
4. 4e

✅ Correct Answer: 2

When two light nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, the process is said to be

1. nuclear fission
2. nuclear fusion
3. nuclear power
4. nuclear transmutation

✅ Correct Answer: 2

When two light nuclei combine to form a heavier nucleus, the process is said to be

1. nuclear fission
2. nuclear fusion
3. nuclear power
4. nuclear transmutation

✅ Correct Answer: 2

In the nuclide defined by &15&7X, the number of protons and neutrons respectively are

1. 7 and 8
2. 15 and 7
3. 8 and 6
4. 23 and 15

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The elements which emit natural radioactivity are known as

1. radio elements
2. active elements
3. radioactive elements
4. nuclear elements

✅ Correct Answer: 3

In SI base units, 1 Bq is equal to

1. 10 disintegration per second
2. 1.5 disintegration per second
3. 0.01 disintegration per second
4. 1 disintegration per second

✅ Correct Answer: 4

A helium nucleus comprising of two protons and two neutrons with a charge of 2e is

1. beta particle
2. gamma particle
3. alpha particle
4. negative particle

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Radiations present in atmosphere due to different radioactive substances are called

1. environmental radiations
2. background radiations
3. positive radiations
4. cosmic radiations

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Gamma (γ) radiation are fast moving

1. electrons
2. protons
3. photons
4. neutrons

✅ Correct Answer: 3

In air, alpha particles have range of

1. few centimeters
2. several thousand meters
3. several hundred meters
4. several meters

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Isotopes have same number of protons but different number of

1. electrons
2. neutrons
3. shells
4. positrons

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The number of protons inside nucleus represents

1. atomic mass
2. atomic number
3. atomic count
4. radioactivity level

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The radiation emitted from the splits into

1. 2 components
2. 4 components
3. 5 components
4. 3 components

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The phenomenon by which radiations split matter into negative and positive ions is called

1. ionization
2. radiation
3. transmutation
4. radioactivity

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Beta particles are stream of high energy

1. electrons
2. protons
3. photons
4. positrons

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Nuclei with atomic number 1 to 82 are

1. stable
2. unstable
3. moderately
4. stable radioactive

✅ Correct Answer: 1

During natural radioactivity the unstable nucleus disintegrates to become more

1. stable
2. unstable
3. excited
4. unexcited

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The elements whose atomic number is greater than 82 are naturally

1. unstable nuclei
2. stable nuclei
3. positive nuclei
4. negative nuclei

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The age of fossil when C-14: C-12 in bone is one fourth of ratio in bone of living animal and half-life of C-14 is 5732 years is

1. 100 years
2. 11460 years
3. 1000 years
4. 1200 years

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The positive charge in an atom was concentrated in a small region called

1. atomic mass
2. electron
3. proton
4. nucleus

✅ Correct Answer: 4

If a radioactive element has a half-life of 40 minutes. The initial count rate was 1000 per minute, then how long will it take for the count rate to drop to 125 per minutes

1. 120 minutes
2. 90 minutes
3. 30 minutes
4. 60 minutes

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Most of the nuclei with atomic number 1 to 82 are

1. positive nuclei
2. negative nuclei
3. unstable nuclei
4. stable nuclei

✅ Correct Answer: 4

A compound containing some amount of radioisotope is

1. tracer
2. radioactive compound
3. non radioactive
4. linear active compound

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The number of neutrons in the nucleus is called neutron number (N) atomic number (Z) atomic mass number (A) electron number (E)

1. neutron number (N)
2. atomic number (Z)
3. atomic mass number (A)
4. electron number (E)

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The fast-moving light photons are

1. alpha radiation
2. gamma radiation
3. beta radiations
4. no radiations

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The number of protons and neutrons in the nucleus is called

1. neutron number (N)
2. atomic number (Z)
3. atomic mass number (A)
4. electron number (E)

✅ Correct Answer: 3

In alpha decay (α-decay) the proton number of the parent nuclide

1. increases by 2
2. increases by 1
3. decreases by 2
4. decreases by 4

✅ Correct Answer: 3

What fraction of the original sample will be after 22 years, if the Cobalt-50 is a radioactive element with a half-life of 4.3 years?

1. 1 ⁄ 32
2. 1 ⁄ 16
3. 1 ⁄ 8
4. 1 ⁄ 4

✅ Correct Answer: 2

In nuclear fission, as compared to the original mass of the heavy nucleus, the total mass of the product is

1. equal
2. more
3. less
4. zero

✅ Correct Answer: 3

If the activity of a sample of radioactive bismuth decreases to 1/8 of its original activity in 15 days, then the sample's half-life will be

1. 3 days
2. 10 days
3. 5 days
4. 7 days

✅ Correct Answer: 3

In fission, the mass of products is

1. less than original nucleus
2. more than original nucleus
3. equal to original nucleus
4. all of above

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The radiation which strongly interacts with the matter due to its charge and has a short-range as compared to gamma radiations is

1. alpha radiation
2. beta radiation
3. no radiation
4. gamma radiation

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The radiation which primarily consists of protons, electrons, alpha particles, and large nuclei are called

1. environmental radiations
2. background radiations
3. positive radiations
4. cosmic radiations

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The half-life of Carbon-14 is

1. 23 years
2. 1000 years
3. 1200 years
4. 5730 years

✅ Correct Answer: 4

A process in which heavy nucleus splits into two by bombarding a slow-moving neutron is called

1. radioactivity
2. nuclear fusion
3. nuclear fission
4. nuclear splitting

✅ Correct Answer: 3

A stream of high energy electrons is the

1. alpha radiation
2. gamma radiation
3. beta radiations
4. no radiations

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Radium-226 has a half-life of

1. 1160 years
2. 1340 years
3. 1580 years
4. 1620 years

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The radiations that can ionize the matter are

1. alpha radiations
2. gamma radiations
3. beta radiations
4. all of above

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Technimum-99 has a half-life of 6 hours. If there is 300 mg of it, how much will be left in 48 hours?

1. 1.58 mg
2. 1.25 mg
3. 1.17 mg
4. 2.56 mg

✅ Correct Answer: 3

The phenomenon in which radiations split matter into ions is called

1. denaturing
2. ionization
3. condensation
4. atomization

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Nuclei which do not emit radiations naturally are called

1. unstable nuclei
2. stable nuclei
3. positive nuclei
4. negative nuclei

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The chemical compounds to explore the metabolism of chemical reactions inside the human body, animals or plants containing some quantity of radioisotopes are called

1. radioactive endoscope
2. radioactive tracers
3. radioactive fusion
4. radioactive atoms

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The matter is built from small particles called

1. radiant
2. atoms
3. isotopes
4. ions

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Nuclei bombarded with protons, neutron or alpha particles are changed to

1. isotopes
2. radioisotopes
3. element having atomic number less than 82
4. none of above

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The types of radiations emitted by the radioactive substance are

1. 2
2. 4
3. 5
4. 3

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The artificially produced radioactive elements are known as

1. ions
2. radiant
3. radioisotopes
4. transmutations

✅ Correct Answer: 3

The rate of radioactive decay is proportional to the number of

1. unstable nuclei
2. unstable protons
3. unstable electrons
4. unstable atoms

✅ Correct Answer: 1

During the second half-life, the original material is decayed

1. one quarter
2. two quarter
3. three quarter
4. all of above

✅ Correct Answer: 3

The rate of radioactive decay is proportional to

1. nature of rays
2. no. of electron
3. no. of protons
4. no. of unstable nuclei

✅ Correct Answer: 2

In nuclear fusion, as compared to the masses of original nuclei, the final nucleus is always

1. equal
2. more
3. less
4. zero

✅ Correct Answer: 3

The mass of neutron and proton is

1. equal
2. unequal
3. zero
4. undetermined

✅ Correct Answer: 1

In the atmosphere, a small amount is present of radioactive

1. carbon-15
2. carbon-19
3. carbon-10
4. carbon-14

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Radiation that causes redness and sores on the skin is

1. gamma only
2. beta only
3. alpha
4. gamma and beta

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The radiations emitted by different elements are

1. alpha
2. beta
3. gamma
4. All the above

✅ Correct Answer: 4

In the air, the beta particle has a range of

1. few centimeters
2. several thousand meters
3. several hundred meters
4. several meters

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Nucleons are a collection of

1. electrons and protons
2. electrons and neutrons
3. protons and neutrons
4. protons and positrons

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Times a proton is heavier than an electron is

1. 1827
2. 1876
3. 1836
4. 1789

✅ Correct Answer: 3

The temperature at the center of the Sun is nearly

1. 20 million Kelvin
2. 10 million Kelvin
3. 30 million Kelvin
4. 25 million Kelvin

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Ashes from a fire in the forest show carbon-14 activity of only 1/8 the activity of fresh wood. How long ago the forest had fire?

1. 18590 years
2. 17190 years
3. 16580 years
4. 14820 years

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The release of energy from the sun is due to

1. nuclear fission
2. nuclear fusion
3. burning of gases
4. chemical reaction

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The SI unit for radioactivity is

1. farad
2. Pascal
3. Becquerel
4. ammeter

✅ Correct Answer: 3

The activity of 1 g of radium is

1. 3.73 * 104MBq
2. 2.76 MBq
3. 3.0 MBq
4. 5.9 MBq

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The activity of a sample of radioactive bismuth decreases to one-eighth of the original in 15 days. Its half-life is

1. 10 days
2. 15 days
3. 3 days
4. 5 days

✅ Correct Answer: 4

Radioisotope for treating cancer tumors and cells is

1. Phosphorous-32
2. carbon-14
3. cobalt-60
4. cobalt-59

✅ Correct Answer: 3

The strength of radiations to penetrate a certain material is known as

1. splitting power
2. ionization power
3. penetrating power
4. radiation power

✅ Correct Answer: 3

Radiations burn mainly due to

1. alpha radiations
2. beta radiations
3. gamma radiations
4. beta and gamma radiations

✅ Correct Answer: 4

When alpha and beta particles are slowed down by collisions, they become

1. harmful
2. harmless
3. useful
4. expensive

✅ Correct Answer: 2

Cosmic radiations interact with atoms atmosphere to create

1. primary radiation
2. secondary radiation
3. tertiary radiation
4. no radiation at all

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The spontaneous emission of radiation by unstable nuclei is called

1. positive radioactivity
2. artificial radioactivity
3. natural radioactivity
4. negative radioactivity

✅ Correct Answer: 3

The atoms of an element which have the same number of protons but different number of neutrons in their nuclei are known as

1. ions
2. isotopes
3. radiant
4. electrons

✅ Correct Answer: 2

To create a shower of secondary radiation, the cosmic radiation interacts with

1. atoms
2. electrons
3. protons
4. neutrons

✅ Correct Answer: 1

In each fission event, the energy released is about

1. 100 MeV
2. 300 MeV
3. 400 MeV
4. 200 MeV

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The half-life of a radioactive element is 10 minutes. If the initial count rate is 368 counts per minute, then the time for which count rate reaches 46 counts per minute would be?

1. 30 minutes
2. 40 minutes
3. 15 minutes
4. 23 minutes

✅ Correct Answer: 1

Per year safe limit of radiation exposure is

1. 5 rem
2. 10 rem
3. 7 rem
4. 15 rem

✅ Correct Answer: 1

As compared to electron, a proton is about

1. 1936 times lighter
2. 1836 times lighter
3. 1936 times heavier
4. 1836 times heavier

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The cosmic radiation consists of

1. protons and electrons
2. alpha particles
3. larger nuclei
4. all of above

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The spontaneous process in which a parent unstable nuclide changes into a more stable daughter nuclide with the emission of radiations is called

1. nuclear radioactivity
2. nuclear transmutations
3. nuclear radioisotopes
4. nuclear ionization

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The safe level of radiation exposure per year is

1. 1.0 rem
2. 2.0 rem
3. 5.0 rem
4. 4.0 rem

✅ Correct Answer: 3

When a heavy nucleus such as U-235 splits or fissions into two smaller nuclei by absorbing a small moving neutron, there takes place a

1. nuclear fission
2. nuclear power
3. nuclear transmutation
4. nuclear fusion

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The greatest power of ionization is in

1. alpha particles
2. gamma particles
3. beta particles
4. none of above

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The radiations bend in the opposite direction in the magnetic field are α and β radiations

1. α and β radiations
2. α and γ radiations
3. γ and β radiations
4. All the above

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The radiation that does not change its direction inside the magnetic field is

1. alpha
2. beta
3. gamma
4. x-ray

✅ Correct Answer: 3

The half-life of &15&3N is 6.5 s. A sample of this nuclide of hydrogen is observed for 32.5 s. The fraction of the original radioactive isotope remaining after this time is

1. 1 ⁄ 32
2. 1 ⁄ 16
3. 1 ⁄ 8
4. 1 ⁄ 4

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The radiation which does not change its direction is

1. β radiation
2. α radiation
3. γ radiation
4. no radiation

✅ Correct Answer: 3

The simplest atom with a single proton is of

1. nitrogen
2. helium
3. carbon
4. hydrogen

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The activity of 1 gram of radium is

1. 3.73 × 104 MBq
2. 4.58 × 104 MBq
3. 1.69 × 104 MBq
4. 2.56 × 104 MBq

✅ Correct Answer: 1

For curing cancerous tumors and cells, doctors use

1. radioactive cobalt-60
2. radioactive cobalt-80
3. radioactive cobalt-90
4. radioactive cobalt-50

✅ Correct Answer: 1

For curing cancerous tumors and cells, doctors use

1. radioactive cobalt-60
2. radioactive cobalt-80
3. radioactive cobalt-90
4. radioactive cobalt-50

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The positive charge in an atom was concentrated in

1. nucleus
2. shells
3. outside shells
4. between shells

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The time during which half of the unstable radioactive nuclei disintegrate of the sample of a radioactive element is called the

1. full life
2. half life
3. double life
4. quarter life

✅ Correct Answer: 2

C-14: C-12 ratio in a fossil bone is found to be 1/4th that of the ratio in the bone of an animal. The half-life of C-14 is 5730 years, the approximate age of the fossil is

1. 12460 years
2. 11460 years
3. 13590 years
4. 14580 years

✅ Correct Answer: 2

The nucleus contains protons and neutrons which are collectively termed as

1. nucleons
2. protons
3. atoms
4. electrons

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The nucleus contains protons and neutrons which are collectively termed as

1. nucleons
2. protons
3. atoms
4. electrons

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The radiation emitted from uranium salt can

1. DE stable the electrons
2. break the protons
3. make the protons
4. ionize the gas

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The radiation emitted from uranium salt can

1. DE stable the electrons
2. break the protons
3. make the protons
4. ionize the gas

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The greatest penetration power is of which one?

1. Gamma rays
2. alpha rays
3. beta rays
4. neutrons

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The number of protons in the nucleus is called

1. neutron number (N)
2. atomic mass number (A)
3. electron number (E)
4. atomic number (Z)

✅ Correct Answer: 1

The greatest ionization power is possessed by beta particles gamma particles neutrons

1. beta particles
2. gamma particles
3. neutrons
4. alpha particles

✅ Correct Answer: 4

The lifetime of unstable nuclei is

1. limited
2. unlimited
3. 100 years
4. 50 years

✅ Correct Answer: 2